Muhammad Iqbal
- Born:
- November 9, 1877, Sialkot, Punjab, British India (now Pakistan)
- Died:
- April 21, 1938, Lahore, Punjab, British India (now Pakistan)
- Nationality:
- British Indian
- Profession(s):
- Philosopher, Poet, Barrister, Scholar, Politician
Early Life and Education
- Early education included instruction in Arabic, Persian, and Urdu.
- Graduated from Government College Lahore in 1897.
- Studied Philosophy at Government College Lahore and earned an MA degree.
- Received a PhD in Philosophy from Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in 1908.
- Qualified as a barrister from Lincoln's Inn in London.
Career and Major Achievements
- Practiced law for a period but primarily dedicated himself to scholarship and writing.
- Elected as a member of the Punjab Legislative Assembly in 1926.
- President of the All-India Muslim League in 1930, delivering the Allahabad Address, which advocated for the creation of a separate Muslim state.
- Contributed significantly to the development of the Pakistan Movement.
Notable Works
- Asrar-i-Khudi (Secrets of the Self)
- Rumuz-i-Bekhudi (Mysteries of Selflessness)
- Payam-i-Mashriq (Message of the East)
- Bang-i-Dara (The Call of the Marching Bell)
- Bal-i-Jibril (Gabriel's Wing)
- Zarb-i-Kalim (The Rod of Moses)
- The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam (a series of lectures)
Legacy and Impact
Muhammad Iqbal is widely regarded as one of the most important figures in Urdu literature, with significant philosophical and political influence. His poetry and philosophical works are studied extensively, and the search for 'allama iqbal biography in urdu pdf' remains popular due to his vast readership. He is often referred to as the "Poet of the East" and is considered the spiritual father of Pakistan.