John Davison Rockefeller
- Born:
- July 8, 1839, Richford, New York, USA
- Died:
- May 23, 1937, Ormond Beach, Florida, USA
- Nationality:
- American
- Profession(s):
- Businessman, Investor, Philanthropist
Early Life and Education
- Born to William Avery Rockefeller Sr. and Eliza Davison.
- Attended Folsom's Commercial College briefly, receiving training in bookkeeping and business practices.
- Did not pursue a formal college education.
Career and Major Achievements
- Began his career as an assistant bookkeeper at age 16.
- In 1870, he founded Standard Oil, which dominated the American oil industry.
- Standard Oil achieved unprecedented vertical and horizontal integration.
- By the late 19th century, Standard Oil controlled approximately 90% of the oil refining and marketing in the United States.
- Rockefeller became one of the wealthiest individuals in history.
Notable Works
- Standard Oil Trust: Although a business entity rather than a personal work, its creation and management were pivotal to his career.
- Substantial philanthropic endeavors through foundations.
Legacy and Impact
John D. Rockefeller's legacy is complex. He is simultaneously remembered as a ruthless businessman who created a monopoly and a generous philanthropist who contributed significantly to advancements in medicine, education, and scientific research. Despite the controversies surrounding his business practices, his impact on the development of modern philanthropy is undeniable. The story of "john d. rockefeller biography" highlights both the immense power of industrial innovation and the responsibility that accompanies great wealth.
Philanthropy
- Established the Rockefeller Foundation, the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research (now Rockefeller University), and the General Education Board.
- Significant contributions to the eradication of hookworm in the Southern United States.
- Supported advancements in medical research and public health initiatives globally.
- Invested heavily in improving educational opportunities for African Americans in the South.